Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis Reaction Pathways Last Update: November 2, 2024 The charts below show the Cellular Respiration reaction pathway with a focus on Glycolysis (the break down of Glucose) and Gluconeogenesis. Gluconeogenesis is the formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources like lactate, glycerol, and glucogenic amino acids (but not from Fatty Acids.) […]
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Menu (linked Index) ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) Last Update: October 26, 2024 Introduction ATP Structure ATP Hydrolysis/Phosphorylation Conclusion Introduction Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the “energy currency” of the cell because it contains the energy needed to fuel cellular processes. Cellular respiration is the process by which cells generate ATP by breaking down glucose and other molecules.
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Menu (linked Index) Macro Molecules, Minerals, and Vitamins – A Primer. Last Update: October 27, 2024 Introduction Carbohydrates Proteins Lipids Nucleic Acids Vitamins and Minerals Introduction This article will give you a high level introduction to Macro Molecules as well as Vitamins and Minerals. Macro Molecules are large (macro) molecules composed of many atoms. Be
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Menu (linked Index) Metabolism Defined Last Update: October 26, 2024 Introduction Metabolism Defined Big Picture (Catabolism,Respiration,Anabolism) Conclusion Introduction Metabolism involves the bodily chemical reactions that sustain life. In this post we’ll define human Metabolism in the context of the breaking down of nutrients (Catabolism), energy production (Cellular Respiration), and molecule building (Anabolism). I’d recommend that
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Menu (linked Index) Enzyme Primer Last Update: October 25, 2024 Introduction Activation Energy Reaction Coordinate Diagram Arrhenius Equation and Maxwell Boltzmann Distribution Enzymes Conclusion Enzyme Reference Material Introduction Biological enzymes accelerate and enable biochemical reactions to occur at physiologically required rates. In this post: We’ll explore the concept of Activation Energy and how enzymes reduce it.
Menu (linked Index) Genetics Basics Last Update: October 25, 2024 Introduction Chromosomes DNA and RNA Structure Transcription and Translation References Introduction Genetics is the science of genes, those chunks or segments of DNA that carry the blueprints of our bodies. In this post, I’ll describe the key molecules that carry our genetic code (DNA and RNA).
Menu (linked Index) Human Cell Components Last Update: October 23/2024 Introduction Human Cell Component Names and Descriptions References Introduction This post shows a picture of a typical human cell with its various membrane bound organelles or inner structures. High level definitions are provided for these organelles. In my opinion, the most efficient way to get
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Menu (linked Index) The Immune System – A Primer Last Update: August 22, 2024 Introduction Purpose Key Definitions Where the Immune System Operates Immune System Response Innate Immune System Response Adaptive Immune System Response Immunization/Vaccination Immune System Disorders Immune Health Conclusion Appendix 1 – Blood Components Introduction Your Immune System employs amazing defense mechanisms that
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